ABSTRACT
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are kind of developmental behavior disorders with the core symptoms of social communication disorders, stereotyped behavior and narrow interest.Genetic factors play an important role in the incidence of ASD.Ion channels are a pore-forming protein on biofilm.They allow certain types of ions to pass through, and help to establish the voltage difference between cytoplasmic membranes, acting as the basis of neuroelectrophysiology.Ion channel abnormalities are related to many diseases, including ASD.In this paper, several kinds of genes related to ASDs in ion channels were reviewed, and in order to provide new ideas in the pathogenesis.
ABSTRACT
Objective To discuss the clinical manifestations, laboratory indexes, imageological ex-amination results,endoscopic and histopathological features of eosinophilic gastroenteritis( EG) in children. Methods Thirty-three children with EG were collected with clinical manifestations,allergic history,labora-tory examination,endoscopic and histopathological features and treatments,who were hospitalized at depart-ment of pediatric gastroenterology of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University between January 2012 and December 2017. Results The main clinical manifestations of EG were abdominal pain(75. 8％),vomi-ting(30. 3％)and diarrhea(21. 2％). The hemoglobin level decreased in 7 cases(21. 2％). The eosinophil count increased in 13 cases ( 39. 4％) . Total serum IgE elevated in 18 cases ( 54. 5％) , while 23 cases were positive in serum food or respiratory specific IgE. The fecal occult blood test showed positive in 7 cases (21. 2％). Among 28 children conducted with whole abdominal CT,there were 13 cases of pelvis fluid, 12 cases of enlarged lymph nodes and 4 cases of thickened intestinal wall. All 33 children went through the endoscopic examination,the main histological change were erythema-exudation(31 cases,93. 9％),mucosal hyperemia edema(5 cases,15. 2％) and hemorrhage(4 cases,12. 1％). The main pathological change was mucosal inflammation with a large number of eosinophil infiltration(≥20 per HPF) . Among the 33 cases,17 cases relieved through treatment of avoiding allergen, antacids, anti-allergic agents and leukotriene receptor antagonist,with 1 case recurrence. The other 16 cases relieved after treatment of glucocorticoid and the above therapy,with 3 cases recurrence. Conclusion The clinical manifestations of children with EG are various and lack of specificity. In terms of diagnosis,the elevated level of eosinophil count and total serum IgE,or posi-tive in serum food specific IgE may be taken as reference. The definite diagnosis is based on pathological examination (eosinophil infiltration≥20 per HPF). For treatment,avoiding allergen,antacids,anti-allergic agents and leukotriene receptor antagonist are effective in several children. Glucocorticoid can obtain satisfac-tory curative effect in the uneffective children.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of raloxifene on ERα, ERβ and MT-1a expression in renal tubular epithelial cells contaminated with cadmium chloride,for exploring the protective effect and action mechanism of raloxifene in renal injury induced by cadmium. Methods Renal tubule cells were isolated from kidneys of new born SD rats and purified by Percoll. The cells of the second generation were selected for experiment. The cells were divided into 3 groups:blank control group,cadmium chloride group and raloxifene group. After 4 h,cell viability was detected by MTT,and after 24 h,mRNA and protein expression levels of ERα, ERβ and MT-1a in renal tissues were determined by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry technology,respectively. Results Compared with the blank control group,morphology of plenty cells were changed in cadmium chloride group,a number of cells were dead,and the survival rate was only 55.3%;at the same time,mRNA and protein expression levels of ERβ and MT-1a significantly increased (P0.05) . Conclusion Raloxifene can bond with ERβcompetively,down-regulate MT-1a and decrease Cd-MT synthesis,so as to reduce cadmium-induced damage of renal tubular epithelial cells.
ABSTRACT
To explore the effect of estrogen on pathogenesis of osteoporosis in women with maintenance hemodialysis. One hundred and twenty women aged 18-45 years had been undergoing maintenance hemodialysis for ≥ 3 months were included. Of them ,60 women without osteoporosis served as control group and the other 60 women with osteoporosis as observation group. Serum concentrations of estradiol, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), parathyroid hormone (PTH), and calcium were determined, meanwhile bone mineral density (BMD)was measured by quantitative computed tomography. Serum estradiol levels in the observation group were lower while TNF-α level were higher than those in control group (all P<0. 05). PTH and calcium levels were not significantly different (P= 0.567 and P = 0. 588). In the observation group, linear correlation analysis revealed positive correlation (r = 0. 865 ,P<0. 01)between estradioi and BMD,while multiple linear regression analysis showed that serum estradiol and calcium levels were positively correlated with BMD, and the concentrations of TNF-α and PTH were negatively correlated with BMD (F= 140.32 ,P<0.01). Estradiol levels were found to have greater effect on BMD(t=5. 386, P<0. 01). Lowered serum concentration of estradiol in women with maintenance hemedialysis seems to be a major factor related to osteoporosis,it accelerates the pathogenesis of osteoporosis by modulating TNF-α.